GENEVA — Representatives and heads of state from over 120 countries concluded a grueling five-day summit here today, emerging with a signed accord that pledges a binding 45% reduction in industrial carbon outputs by 2035.

The Switzerland Climate Accord (SCA) marks the most significant unified international legislation since the Paris Agreement.

Key Tenets of the Accord 1. **Gradual Coal Phaseout**: Signatories must wind down legacy coal-fired power plants by 2030, replacing them with wind, solar, or nuclear alternatives. 2. **Developing Nation Aid Fund**: High-income industrial powers have pledged $150B annually to support transition grids in Asia, Africa, and South America. 3. **Global Carbon Pricing Standards**: Introduces a unified minimum tariff on carbon emissions across trade blocks, leveling the competitive field.